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Writer's pictureMeurig Chapman

Reject inference

The use of reject inference in scorecard development is a powerful technique that can improve the accuracy and representativeness of credit scoring models. It helps to address the bias in the sample used to build the model and can result in more accurate predictions of credit risk. However, it is important to be aware of the limitations of the technique and to ensure that the model is not overfit to the data.


Reject inference is a statistical technique used in scorecard development to improve the accuracy of credit scoring models. It involves predicting the creditworthiness of rejected applicants based on the characteristics of approved applicants with similar profiles. In this blog, we will discuss the concept of reject inference and how it is used in scorecard development.


In traditional scorecard development, only the approved applicants are used to build the scoring model. However, this approach can result in a biased sample that does not accurately represent the entire population. This is because the rejected applicants are often different from the approved applicants in terms of risk characteristics such as credit history, income, and debt-to-income ratio.


Reject inference helps to address this bias by using data from both approved and rejected applicants to build the scoring model. The technique involves using the information on the approved applicants to predict the probability of approval for the rejected applicants. This is done by modeling the relationship between the approved and rejected applicants based on their shared characteristics, such as income, employment status, and credit history.


The use of reject inference has several benefits in scorecard development. First, it helps to increase the accuracy of the scoring model by including information from both approved and rejected applicants. This results in a more comprehensive model that is better able to predict credit risk.


Second, reject inference helps to reduce the bias in the sample used to build the scoring model. By including information on the rejected applicants, the model is more representative of the entire population and is less likely to be skewed towards the characteristics of the approved applicants.

However, there are also some limitations to the use of reject inference in scorecard development. One of the main challenges is the availability of data on rejected applicants. In some cases, the data may be incomplete or may not be available at all, making it difficult to accurately predict the creditworthiness of rejected applicants.


Another limitation is the risk of overfitting the model to the data. This can occur if the model is too complex or if there is not enough data to support the model. Overfitting can lead to poor model performance and inaccurate predictions.

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